泰国试管婴儿辅助生殖医学词汇表（一）
辅助生殖医学词汇表Adhesion -Scar tissue fromprevious injuries, infections, or endometriosis that forms in and aroundreproductive organs, possibly interfering with reproductive capability.附着Agglutination of Sperm-Sticking together of sperm, often due to infection, inflammation,or antibodies, which impairs the ability to fertilize an egg.精子凝集AID (Artificial insemination donor)- procedureintroducing sperm from an anonymous donor into the woman’s uterus in order toachieve a pregnancy.GJ人工授精AIH(Artificial insemination hudband)- procedureintroducing sperm fromthe husband intothe wife’s uterus in order to achieve a pregnancy. Also called as IUI夫精人工授精Amenorrhea -Absence ofmenstruation.闭经Anovulation -Total absence ofovulation. Note: This is not necessarily the same as "amenorrhea."Menstruation may still occur with anovulation.不排卵Andrology –Science of diseasesof males, including infertility, spermatogenesis and sexual dysfunction.男科学Antisperm Antibodies -Protective proteinthat exists naturally, or may develop, that causes clumping of sperm, thuspreventing or inhibiting fertilization.抗精子抗体Aspermia -Absence of semenand sperm.射精障碍Assisted reproductive technology（ART）辅助生殖技术Assisted Hatching（AH） –Mechanical or chemical manipulation of the zona pellucida tofacilitate implantation of the embryo辅助孵化Asthenospermia -Condition in whichthe sperm do not swim (move) at all or swim more slowly than normal.精子活力低下Autologous cycle - an ART treatment cycle in which a woman intends to use, or usesher own oocytes or embryos. GIFT cycles are classified separately fromautologous cycles.自体移植周期Azoospermia -Condition in whichthere are no sperm in the seminal fluid. This may be due to a blockage oftransport of sperm or to an impairment of sperm production.无精症Basal Body Temperature (BBT) -Temperature of thewoman, taken orally upon waking in the morning before any activity. Used tohelp determine if ovulation is occurring.基础体温Biochemical pregnancy (preclinical spontaneousabortion/miscarriage): a pregnancy diagnosed only by the detection of hCG inserum or urine and that does not develop into a clinical pregnancy.生化妊娠Blastocyst –The final stage ofthe embryo at the time of implantation. Now, many laboratories will offerculturing the embryo upto the blastocy st stage and transfer it in the uterusat this stage to improve pregnancy rates.囊胚Clinical pregnancy: a pregnancy diagnosed by ultrasonographic visualization ofone or more gestational sacs or definitive clinical signs of pregnancy. Itincludes ectopic pregnancy. 临床妊娠（率）Clinical pregnancy rateCervical Mucus -Mucus produced bythe cervix which permits passage of sperm to the uterus and fallopian tubes.This mucus changes in volume and quality at the time of ovulation.宫颈粘液Cervix - Lower section ofthe uterus that protrudes into the vagina, through which the sperm pass toreach the uterus. 子宫颈Cleavage stage embryo - an embryo comprising about 8 cells usually developed by 2 or3 days after fertilization卵裂期胚胎Clinical pregnancy临床妊娠Conception -Fertilization of awoman's egg by a man's sperm.怀孕，妊娠Congenital -Characteristic ofdefect present at birth, acquired during pregnancy but not necessarilyhereditary.先天的Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia -Condition that one is born with due to the lack of an enzymeneeded by the adrenal gland. Normal products of the adrenal gland, therefore,are not produced; the body tries to stimulate the gland, and it enlarges(hyperplasia).先天肾上腺增生Congenital anomalies: all structural, functional, and geneticanomalies diagnosed in aborted fetuses, at birth, or in the neonatal period.先天异常Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation（COH） - medical treatment to induce the development of multipleovarian follicles in order to obtain multiple oocytes at oocyte pick-up (OPU 取卵)控制性促排卵 Controlled ovarianstimulation (COS)Cryopreservation –The preservaton ofsperm or embryos by freezing, usually by immersion in liquid nitrogen冷冻保存Cryptorchidism -Occurs when atestes is not in its normal position in the scrotum. It may be in the groin orabdomen.隐睾症Delivery - a birth event in which one or more babies of 20weeks or more gestation or of 400 grams or more birthweight are born.分娩 Delivery rate分娩率DI (donor insemination) cycle: an artificial inseminationcycle in which sperm not from the woman’s partner (donor sperm) is used.GJ周期Discontinued cycle: an ART cycle that does not proceed tooocyte pick-up (OPU) or embryo transfer.取消周期Donation cycle: an ART treatment cycle where a woman intendsto donate, or donates her oocytes to others. A donation cycle may result in thedonation of either oocytes or embryos to a recipient woman. The use of donorsperm does not alter the donor status of the cycle.捐赠周期（GL周期或GJ周期）Dysmenorrhea -Cramping and painduring the time of menstruation.痛经Early neonatal death: death of a live born baby within 7 daysof birth.早期新生儿死亡Ectopic Pregnancy –pregnancy in which the embryo implants outside the uterine cavity, mostcommonly in the fallopian tubes.宫外孕Egg (Oocyte) Donation -Surgical removal ofan egg from one woman for fertilization with partner's or donor's sperm. Theresulting embryo is then transferred into the fallopian tube or uterus ofanother woman.卵子捐赠Embryo -Term used todescribe the early stages of fetal growth, from conception to the eighth weekof pregnancy.胚胎Embryo/fetus reduction: a procedure to reduce the number of viableembryos or fetuses in a multiple pregnancy.减胎术Embryo transfer（ET）: a procedurewhereby embryo(s) are placed in the uterus or fallopian tube. The embryo(s) canbe fresh or thawed following cryopreservation, and may include the transfer ofcleavage stage embryos or blastocysts.胚胎移植Embryo transfer cycle: an ART cycle in which one or more embryosare transferred into the uterus or fallopian tube.胚胎移植周期Endocrine System -System of glandsincluding the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, adrenals and testicles orovaries.内分泌系统Endometriosis -Presence ofendometrial tissue (the normal uterine lining) in abnormal locations such asthe fallopian tubes, ovaries and peritoneal cavity, often causing painfulmenstruation and infertility.子宫内膜异位Ejaculate -Sperm combines withfluid from the seminal vesicle and a thick secretion from the prostate gland.This fluid is discharged through the penis.射精Endometrium -Lining of theuterus.子宫内膜Epididymis -Elongated organ inthe male lying above and behind the testicles. It contains a highly convolutedcanal, where after production, sperm are stored, nourished and developed forseveral months.附睾Estrogen -Class of femalehormones, produced mainly by the ovaries from the onset of puberty untilmenopause, which are responsible for the development of secondary sexualcharacteristics, such as breasts.雌激素Extremely low birth weight: birth weight less than 1,000 g.极低体重儿Extremely preterm birth: a live birth or stillbirth thattakes place after 20 but before 28 completed weeks of gestational age.极早产Fallopian Tubes -Pair of narrowtubes that carry the ovum (egg) from the ovary to the uterus.输卵管Fetus: the product of fertilization from completion ofembryonic development, at 8 completed weeks after fertilization, until abortionor birth.胎儿Fetal death (stillbirth): the birth of an infant after 20 ormore weeks gestation or 400 grams or more birthweight that shows no signs oflife.死产Fertilization -Penetration of theegg by the sperm and joining of genetic materials to result in the developmentof an embryo.受精Fibroid (Leiomyoma) -Benign tumor offibrous tissue that may occur in the uterine wall. May be totally withoutsymptoms or may cause abnormal menstrual patterns or infertility.Fimbria -Fringed and hairlike outer ends of the fallopian tubes, which capture the egg when it isreleased from the ovary during ovulation.Fresh cycle: an ART treatment cycle that intends to use, oruses embryo(s) that have not been cryopreserved (frozen).新鲜周期Frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycle (FET): an ARTprocedure in which cycle monitoring is carried out with the intention of transferingfrozen-thawed embryo(s). Note: An FET cycle is initiated when specificmedication is provided or cycle monitoring is started with the intention totreat.冷冻胚胎移植周期（FET）Frozen-thawed oocyte cycle: an ART procedure in which cycle monitoringis carried out with the intention of fertilizing thawed oocytes and performingembryo transfer.冷冻卵子周期Follicle -Structure in theovary that nurtures the developing egg and from which the egg is released.卵泡Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) -Hormone produced in the anterior pituitary gland that stimulatesthe ovary to develop a follicle for ovulation in women, and stimulates theproduction of sperm in the testicles in men.促卵泡素Follicular Phase -First half of themenstrual cycle when ovarian follicle development takes place and the eggmatures.卵泡期Full-term birth: a live birth or stillbirth that takes placebetween 37 and 42 completed weeks of gestational age.足月顺产Gamete -Male or femalereproductive cells-the sperm or the egg.配子Gestational age: the completed weeks of gestation of thefetus.胎龄Gestational sac: a fluid-filled structure associated with earlypregnancy, which may be located inside or outside the uterus (in case of anectopic pregnancy).孕囊GIFT –Gamete IntraFallopian Transfer ( transferring of the egg and sperm in the normal fallopian tube to facilitate fertilization)配子输卵管内转移：基本不做了Gonads -Glands that makethe gametes (the testicles in the male and the ovaries in the female).性腺Gonadotropin –a hormone whichstimulates the gonads促性腺激素GnRH –gonadotropinreleasing hormone, a hormone produced by the hypothalamus which stimulates thepituitary gland to produce FSH and LH. They are two types of analogues of thehormone, agonist (one which acts like the hormone) and antagonist (one whichblocks the effect of the hormone)促性腺激素释放激素Hatching: the process by which an embryo at the blastocyststage separates from the zona pellucida.孵化Heterotopic pregnancy: a double gestation pregnancy in whichimplantation takes place both inside and outside the uterine cavity.异位妊娠High-ordermultiple: a pregnancy or delivery with three ormore fetuses or neonates.多胎HMG –Human menopausalgonadotropin, used to stimulate the ovaries. It contains FSH and LH in equal parts人绝经期促性腺激素HCG –Human chorioncgonadotropin, a hormone normally produced by the placenta and its presence inblood or urine is used to detect pregnancy. It is also used to trigger finalmaturation of the egg人绒毛膜促性腺激素Hormone-Chemical produced by the endocrine gland that circulates in theblood and has widespread action throughout the body.激素Hypogonadism -Inadequate ovarianor testicular function as shown by low sperm production or lack of follicleproduction, as well as in low or absent levels of FSH, LH.性腺机能减退Hypothalamus -Gland at the baseof the brain that controls the release of hormones from the pituitary.丘脑下部Hysteroscopy –an endoscopicprocedure used to visualize the interior of the uterus. The endoscope is afibre optic telescope and can be used for diagnosis as well as for certain surgicalprocedures can also be carried out through the hysterocope.宫腔镜检查Idiopathic (Unexplained) Infertility -Term used to describe infertility when no reason can be found toexplain the cause of a couple's infertility.不明原因不孕不育Implantation -Embedding of thefertilized egg in the lining of the uterus (endometrium).种植 Implantationrate 种植率Impotence -Inability of themale to achieve or maintain an erection for intercourse due to physical oremotional problems or to a combination of factors.阳萎IUI –Intra UterineInsemination ( transfer of washed and enriched sperm directly in the cavity ofthe uterus)宫腔内人工授精ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection): a procedure wherebya single sperm is injected directly into the oocyte to aid fertilisation. If anembryo transfer cycle involves the transfer of at least one embryo createdusing ICSI, it is counted as an ICSI cycle. 卵胞浆内单精子注射IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) –a process wherefertilization of the sperm and theegg occurs outside the body, (in a laboratory). The resulting embryo isimplanted in the woman’s uterus.体外受精Induced abortion人工流产
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